EC Targets Apple, Google, and Meta in a DMA Breach Investigation

The European Commission is investigating Apple, Alphabet, and Meta over alleged unfair market practices. The EC outlined concerns that the three technology giants fell short of conforming with its Digital Markets Act (DMA).

The Commission explained the probes will target anti-steering rules imposed by Apple and Alphabet on their respective online marketplaces designed to deter app developers from freely promoting services outside their ecosystem, on top of self-preferencing methods deployed by the companies to favor their offerings. The authorities said its investigation against Alphabet will determine whether Google search results may lead to self-preferencing about Google’s vertical search services over similar rival offerings, with Google Shopping and Google Flights cited as examples.

The probe will also study Apple’s design of the web browser choice screen, as Safari was set as the default browser app on its devices. Under the proceedings, the EC said it will investigate whether the iPhone maker complies with its DMA obligations, including enabling users to easily change default settings or uninstall any software apps on iOS, as well as allowing customers to choose alternative default services. It will also investigate Apple’s new app store practices. For Meta Platforms, the EC will look into the company’s recently introduced pay or consent model, which requires users to subscribe to ad-free versions of its social media platforms or consent to have their data tracked.

Speaking at a press conference announcing the probes, Margrethe Vestager, EVP in charge of digital policy at the EC, described the cases as serious and were emblematic of what the DMA is supposed to deliver when it comes to choice for consumers. “Had we been able to resolve that with a mere discussion, they would have been solved by now,” Vestager said. The EC intends to conclude the investigation within a year. If breaches are found, the body can impose a fine worth up to 10% of the company’s total worldwide turnover, which can go up to 20% in case of repeated infringement.